Cranes are classified as cranes. Their work takes place in intermittent movement and allows for lifting and lowering loads using devices such as hoists and winches. Overhead traveling cranes are used in the near and vertical transport of materials on a given track of the device. This movement is limited both by the width of the crane bridge and by the height of lowering and lifting the load.
The crane operating parameters are:
- work intensity group
- curb weight
- the speeds of the working movements
- range
- lifting capacity
- the hight of raising
Three basic crane models are used, depending on their design. These are bridge cranes, also track cranes, gantry cranes, as well as suspended cranes.
Overhead traveling cranes, which are most often used, are devices that are installed mainly indoors, for example in industrial halls. They consist of a truss platform, which is installed on rails placed under the ceiling of the building. Then, on the platform, there is a tractor responsible for handling loads. The gantry is controlled wirelessly or wired from the working level. Some devices of this type also have operator's cabins.
The second popular type are gantry cranes, which are also commonly referred to as gantries. They are used in particular in landfills and shipyard slipways. They consist of a platform placed on two bridges connecting two or more gates with each other. They are equipped with rail or wheel carriages, and the tractor moves on the platform of the device. The operation also takes place from the working level or from the operator's cabin.
